Biology

1. Compare and contrast Mitosis and Meiosis. 2. Identify and explain the differences between the internal and external organs of the male and female reproductive systems. 3. Explain the hormonal and nervous system roles in the functioning of the male and female reproductive systems. 4. Describe the hormonal control and physiological changes related to sexual functioning in the female menstrual cycle, pregnancy and childbirth. 5. Identify causes of infertility. 6. Analyze atypical sexual development related to chromosomal and hormonal disorders. 7. Recognize common ailments of the reproductive system related to STDs caused by viruses, bacteria or miscellaneous organisms. 8. Compare various methods of contraceptives and how they may be used effectively.

1. Define and explain the basics of biological concepts such as common traits of living organisms, genetics, cell theory, evolution, and ecology. 2. Apply the fundamentals of the Scientific Method to solve problems. 3. Describe the general principles of carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids as building blocks of living things. 4. Explain the role of enzymes in the different biochemical reactions within cells, as well as the release of chemical energy. 5. Describe the most important points in cellular events, including cell division, energy production, and cell-to-cell communication. 6. Explain heredity using the main principles of Mendelian and Non-Mendelian Genetics. 7. Explain the role of evolution and natural selection in the diversity of our ecosystem and its application to human diversity and disease. 8. Describe the general traits that help us to classify the major Domains and Kingdoms in the Tree of Life.

Upon completion of this course, students should be able to: 1. Differentiate between Anatomy and Physiology 2. Discuss how structure dictates function in the body 3. Describe the structure and function of the Integumentary System, Skeletal System, Muscular System, Nervous System, Circulatory System, Respiratory System, Digestive System, Urinary System, Endocrine System and Reproductive System 4. Identify organs from all the major systems on models and/or dissected specimens 5. Identify Tissue types under the microscope

1. Identify the Dimensions of Wellness and their relationship to a healthy lifestyle and longevity. 2. Analyze diet and exercise habits that relate to obesity and disease. 3. Recognize personal lifestyle behaviors that contribute to preventable disorders and diseases. 4. Evaluate the risk factors associated with addictive behavior including, alcohol, smoking and drugs. 5. List the signs, symptoms and treatments for common diseases including cancer, heart disease, stroke and sexually transmitted diseases.

1. Describe the major biochemical processes that are important for life, including respiration, photosynthesis, molecular transport, intercellular communication, cell division. 2. Explain the importance, functions and components of the cell and cell membrane. 3. Describe the role of DNA as the basis for inheritance and solve a variety of genetics problems. 4. Apply the scientific method to design an experiment; and effectively communicate results in written and oral form. 5. Interpret a variety of scientific writing, including primary and secondary sources in Scientific Journals.

1. Explain the importance of Evolution as the foundational theory of Biology; including the core concepts of evolutionary science – natural selection, genetic drift, gene flow, speciation, and the Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium. 2. Describe the various hypotheses regarding the origins and evolution of life, including the role of horizontal gene transfer 3. Describe and apply systematics and taxonomy of organisms, with an understanding of phylogenetic trees as evolutionary hypotheses. 4. Compare and contrast the ecological roles; and morphological and physiological characteristics of different taxonomic groups of organisms. 5. Explain organismal interactions at the levels of populations, communities, ecosystems, and biosphere. 6. Critically analyze scientific data and literature in written and oral communication

1. Discuss and evaluate the various theories of evolutionary science.
2. Describe and explain the scientific evidence for Darwinian evolution.
3. Explain and apply the principles of natural selection.
4. Analyze and predict the genetic processes involved in the evolution of populations.
5. Discuss the biological mechanisms of origin and extinction of species.
6. Compare/contrast the theories of the origins and evolution of life.
7. Describe and apply systematics and taxonomy of organisms.
8. Discuss and apply taxonomic keys to classify species of plants and animals.
9. Describe and explain biotic and abiotic factors that limit populations.

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1. Explain and differentiate the ecological relationships among species.

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1. Discuss and illustrate nutrient cycles, energy flows, and food webs.

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1. Describe and debate human impacts on biological systems, including climate change, biodiversity loss, and resource degradation.

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1. Critically analyze and discuss scientific literature in a written and oral report.

14. Demonstrate and report on successfully completed laboratory exercises describing methods, results, data analysis, and conclusions.

After successful completion of this course, students should be able to: 1. Demonstrate appropriate chemical and biohazard safety procedures. 2. Maintain good documentation and quality control in laboratory. 3. Collect, analyze and present data from experimental procedures. 4. Identify and accurately use appropriate equipment for experimental procedures. 5. Perform calculations and produce accurate solutions. 6. Demonstrate skills necessary to produce and analyze recombinant DNA. 7. Demonstrate skills necessary to maintain and manipulate both bacteria and mammalian cells in culture. 8. Demonstrate skills necessary to isolate, separate, and analyze protein. 9. Identify and utilize DNA and protein databases.

1. Appreciate the diversity of birds of the world and distinguish how birds are classified 2.Examine and describe how birds evolved and are still evolving 3. Describe various features of anatomy and physiology of birds and explain how these characteristics contribute to the dynamics of flight 4. Distinguish some of the ways that birds are physically adapted to fly, communicate, find food, attract mates and reproduce. 5. Analyze and explain the ecological role of birds in the world and how they interact with humans, particularly in relation to the threats and conservation efforts in our state

1. Identify the unique challenges of life in the marine environment and describe some of the adaptations and strategies found in marine organisms. 2. Describe the diversity of marine habitats, demonstrating knowledge of the organisms that live there and applying fundamental ecological concepts such as habitat, niche, population, survivorship, and trophic levels. 3. Summarize the physical, chemical, and geological characteristics of the ocean. 4. Apply the scientific method by generating hypotheses, designing controlled experiments and field studies, and analyzing results. 5. Utilize taxonomic keys to identify a variety of marine organisms. 6. Analyze the role humans play in the marine environment, from direct intervention such as extracting resources, to indirect intervention such as caused by global climate change.

Student Learning Outcomes: 1. Determine the validity of presented information in media articles related to Nutrition using the scientific method. 2. Research foods and their effect on health. 3. Analyze nutritional value from food journals. 4. Revise standardized recipes to meet nutritional criteria. 5. Compare the taste, texture, and desirability of revised recipes based on nutritional values. 6. Explain how nutritional requirements change throughout the human life cycle. 7. Discuss nutritional concepts of Basal Energy Expenditure and Body Mass Index.

After successful completion of this course, students should be able to: 1. Develop an understanding for theories and principles associated with the science of forensics and how it applies to law enforcement. 2. Illustrate the role and importance of the crime laboratory. 3. Identify the differences between qualitative and quantitative analysis. 4. Demonstrate an understanding for DNA collection and handling at the crime scene for analysis in the crime lab. 5. Identify, collect, and understand the importance of the various types of physical and trace evidence at the crime scene. 6. Describe the proper procedures for documenting a crime scene through photography, videotape and crime scene diagramming. 7. Discuss the various methods for analyzing physical evidence. 8. Demonstrate an understanding for fingerprint composition and comparison. 9. Employ the various techniques in the development and collection of latent fingerprints at the crime scene and in the crime lab. 10. Appraise the physiological changes and postmortem artifacts from the body at the crime scene. 11. Organize the preparation and presentation of the forensic evidence in the courtroom. 12. Define and understand the concept of chain of custody. 13. List the schedules of the Controlled Substances Act. 14. Understand the basics of explosives, trace evidence, firearms, handwriting, and computer analysis.

1. Define physiology and how the physiology of a structure is related to its anatomy. Give the steps of the Scientific Method and describe the role of clinical trials, such as double blind studies, to development of new therapies. 2. Describe and explain the concept of homeostasis, how it is maintained by negative feedback, and how failure to maintain homeostasis causes diseases with a particular focus on diabetes. 3. Demonstrate knowledge of the basic physical and chemical underpinnings of physiology and its clinical application such as acid-base and pH, osmosis, electrolytes, radioisotopes, hydrogen bonding, protein structure, membrane structure & function. 4. Demonstrate knowledge of the physiology, and its related anatomy, of the cardiovascular, endocrine, urinary, and respiratory systems and disorders (homeostatic imbalances) of those systems. 5. Complete laboratory exercises in a safe and proper manner, including those that may involve dissections of preserved or fresh animal specimens, the acquiring and handling of human blood and body fluid specimens, proper handling of laboratory models, microscopes, and spectronic analysis of fluids. Demonstrate knowledge of the Scientific Method & the application of this method to the performance and analysis of laboratory experiments, such as hematocrit, RBC count, ECG, urnanalysis, as well as proper graphic representation and interpretation of the data.

After successful completion of this course, student should be able to: 1. Use the scientific method to conduct inquiry based experiments. 2. Identify and describe the importance of microorganisms in food processing, spoilage and preservation. 3. Explain how the cooking process affects food on a molecular level. 4. Identify and describe methods of food preservation including refrigeration, freezing and pasteurization. 5. Explain the role of foods and beverages as a vehicle of infection and intoxication. 6. Prepare a line graph to present experimental data. 7. Describe the regulatory oversight of the food industry in the United States.

After completion of this course, students will be able to: 1. Evaluate the major principles of Animal Behavior 2. Compare the behavior of animals to the behavior of humans, when applicable 3. Apply the principles of Animal Behavior to design and implement an Ethogram project 4. Demonstrate a basic understanding of how to collect and analyze data 5. Analyze data and draw conclusions from collected data

1. Explain the role of metabolism in energy production. 2. Compare and contrast carbohydrates, proteins and lipids and list the functions of each. 3. List the differences between the 13 vitamins and state the differences between water-soluble and fat-soluble vitamins. 4. Describe the significance of body mass index and its association with weight categories. 5. Describe the importance of water and minerals in the body. 6. State the general recommendations for caloric intake of nutrients for various demographics, including athletes, pregnancy, children, adults and geriatrics. 7. List the most common food allergies and some of the symptoms of food allergies. 8. Describe the role of pathogens and genetics in nutrition.

After completing this course students should be able to: 1. Critically evaluate a peer reviewed scientific journal article 2. Synthesize information from multiple primary sources into a clear concise review paper 3. Apply the scientific method through development of a detailed practical research proposal 4. Critique the research proposals of peers, and apply constructive criticism to their own proposal 5. Demonstrate oral communication skills through presentation of research methods and rationale

1. Define anatomy and physiology and differentiate the levels of structural organization of the human body.
2. Differentiate anatomical structures in the tissue level of organization (epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous).
3. Analyze and interpret anatomical and physiological aspects of the integumentary system.
4. Identify the anatomical structures of the skeletal and muscular systems at the different levels of organization, and describe the physiological aspects of these systems.
5. Distinguish and classify the divisions, structures, and functions of the nervous system.
6. Summarize the physiology of conduction of a nervous impulse or action potential with particular attention to the events which happen at synapses and neuromuscular junctions.

7. Perform laboratory exercises in a safe and appropriate way, including proper handling of models, microscopes and other laboratory equipment, and the safe handling of any fresh or preserved animal specimens during assigned laboratory dissections.

1. Utilize knowledge of the form and function of human body tissues acquired in Human Anatomy & Physiology I (BIO 233) to learn about the role of those tissues as components of organs in the Sensory, Endocrine, Reproductive, Cardiovascular, Respiratory, Digestive and Urinary Systems. 2. Demonstrate knowledge of the correct anatomical terminology for the Sensory, Endocrine, Reproductive, Cardiovascular, Respiratory, Digestive and Urinary organ systems, and relate structures to the proper functioning of each system. 3. Summarize the interrelated physiology of the various organ systems studied, describing their positive and negative impacts upon one another as well as the homeostatic mechanisms that regulate the function of the body as a whole through various feedback pathways. 4. Critically analyze information read in their textbooks or other scientific literature, and interpret graphs and tables in similar sources. 5. Demonstrate the ability to write summaries and reports of data from textbooks, laboratory manuals, library sources and/or online sources to support topics related to Anatomy and Physiology using acceptable formats for scientific papers with proper citation of source material. 6. Complete laboratory exercises in a safe and proper way, including those which may involve dissections of preserved or fresh animal specimens, the acquiring and handling of human blood or body fluid specimens, proper handling of laboratory models, compound microscopes and other laboratory equipment, and participation and recording of data in physiology experiments. 7. Demonstrate a working knowledge of the scientific method, and the application of this method to the analysis of case studies, laboratory experiments, or analysis of published literature in the field of study.

After completion of this course, students will be able to 1. Describe and discuss the essential concepts of ecology 2. Explain the process of ecological change both in the long term (evolutionary change) and in the short term (succession) 3. Utilize the tools of science through ecological field study focused on local ecosystems in Southeastern Massachusetts 4. Analyze data, modeling the way in which scientists handle data, including the use of statistical methods and computers for analysis of data sets. 5. Compile scientific findings using the primary methods by which scientists communicate with their peers including composing original research papers, oral, and poster presentations.

1. Describe the structures and functions of major cellular components (membranes, organelles, and cytoskeleton) with emphasis on their biochemical properties. 2. Explain the fundamental molecular mechanisms involved in DNA replication and repair, and transcription and translation. 3. Describe the biochemical background of cellular energy transformations, and their importance indicators of cellular health. 4. Describe the molecular basis of cell-to-cell communication and its importance in coordinating cellular responses, maturation, and specialization. 5. Describe the stages and regulation of the cell cycle, including checkpoints and control mechanisms, and the role of the cytoskeleton in cell division. 6. Explain the mechanisms of cellular transport, including diffusion, osmosis, active transport, and their role in maintaining cellular homeostasis. 7. Explain the basic events and pathways associated with apoptosis and its relation to the pathogenesis of cancer and degenerative diseases. 8. Apply common experimental cell biology techniques, analyze data, and draw conclusions based on experimental results.